“Mona Lisa” was valued at 3.45 billion US dollars in 1920, and now its conservative valuation has exceeded 10 billion. But I feel that something is wrong, because even if we spends tens of billions, it is impossible to reproduce the “Mona Lisa”. Therefore, money as the estimate of artistic , which is neither precise nor objective, because the value of the art not about external factor, the value of art is what it inside, the time period it stand for, the unique social background or the vision for the future, those artwork are more strong than the word. We can feel through doth artwork, that’s the valve of the art.
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Human science
Economics is a study of human economic activity. In Economics the fake hypothesis or data will not be approved, because the market will not lie, for example, if I forge the demand of a product, at the end of the year, the accounts will show the sales. If I doctored the accounts.there are many ways to find out.
Human science is a subject that takes people as the direct research object, we can study human behavior by underlying motivations, cognitive factors, and emotional factors. The difficult part of studying human behavior is to design experiments. But we have some successful experiment, I reckon Jane Elliott’s Blue Eyes/Brown Eyes Exercise is a good example. Human science is scientific if we get the correct data.
How do you know that something is good or bad, right or wrong?
For me, good things are benefits most of the people and bad things are hurt most of the people. For example, a factory pollutes the environment, It hurt human beings.
Meno part 3,4
Meno asks Socrates to return to their original question: Can virtue be taught? Socrates reluctantly agrees and constructs the following argument:
- Virtue is something beneficial; it’s a good thing to have
- All good things are only good if they are accompanied by knowledge or wisdom (for example, courage is good in a wise person, but in a fool, it is mere recklessness)
- Therefore virtue is a kind of knowledge
- Therefore virtue can be taught
The argument is not especially convincing. The fact that all good things, in order to be beneficial, must be accompanied by wisdom doesn’t really show that this wisdom is the same thing as virtue. The idea that virtue is a kind of knowledge, however, does seem to have been a central tenet of Plato’s moral philosophy.
Meno part 5
Meno is content to conclude that virtue can be taught, but Socrates, to Meno’s surprise, turns on his own argument and starts criticizing it. His objection is simple. If virtue could be taught there would be teachers of virtue. But there aren’t any. Therefore it can’t be teachable after all.
Fallacies
- Circular reasoning: Supporting an argument by restating the argument.
- Bandwagon appeal: Implies that because the majority of people believe that X is true then it must be valid because so many people believe it.
- Ad hominem: An attack on a person’s character and personal traits to weaken his or her argument.
- Red herring: Claims that are misleading to distract from the argument at hand.
- False analogy: A claim that since A is like B, A has the same properties that B has
- Hasty generalization: Coming to a conclusion with the briefest look at the evidence.
Part 2
In San Tzu Ching, the first line is people born with goodness, we believe some of the morality innate. In part 2 they are discuss is some of our knowledge innate？
Socrates
Now if he always had it, he was always in a state of knowing; and if he acquired it all some time, he could not have acquired it in this life. Or has someone taught him geometry? You see, he can do the same as this with all geometry and every branch of knowledge. Now, can anyone have taught him all this? You ought surely to know, especially as he was born and bred in your house.
Meno
Well, I know that no one has ever taught him.
Socrates
And has he these opinions, or has he not?
Meno
He must have them, Socrates, evidently.
Socrates
And if he did not acquire them in this present life, is it not obvious at once that he had them and learnt them during some other time?
Socrates believe some of the thing are innate.
Plato’s Meno review
From the begining, Meno ask Socrates that virtue can be taught or you born with it. in the reply, sorcrates said he don’t know about virtue itself, he asked Meno what virtue is, Meno gave the example of man, women, child and elderly man. Socrates did’t satisfies with the answer.
First of all, if you take the virtue of a man, it is easily stated that a man’s virtue is this–that he be competent to manage the affairs of his city, and to manage them so as to benefit his friends and harm his enemies, and to take care to avoid suffering harm himself. Or take a woman’s virtue: there is no difficulty in describing it as the duty of ordering the house well, looking after the property indoors, and obeying her husband. And the child has another virtue–one for the female, and one for the male; and there is another for elderly men–one, if you like, for freemen, and yet another for slaves.
Socrates give the example of “shape”, shape is that which alone of existing things always follows color
In every instance of figure I call that figure in which the solid ends; and I may put that more succinctly by saying that figure is “limit of solid.”
Socrate give a clear definition about moral and expect Meno would agree.