by Jessica, on September 9th, 2012
In this essay, Paul Graham makes you think about the taboos in our society. He teaches us how to recognize them and why is taboos created. After exposing our mind to the taboos, he also explains what to do with our unorthodox thoughts. As he suggested, it is probably a good idea to keep [...]
by Jessica, on September 6th, 2012
Before approaching the question: Where does ideas of universal rights originate? I was wondering what is the purpose of universal rights. This is going to sound strange. I was wondering could people want universal rights because they don’t want others to be better than they are. Thus, to prevent one from feeling unjust everyone [...]
by Jessica, on August 28th, 2012
Scenario 1- decided if abortion should be legal or illegal.
Approaches/ Circumstances Circumstance A- pregnant woman is a victim of rape. Circumstance B- if pregnancy is not terminated, then woman’s life is endangered. Circumstance 3- the woman simply does not want the child. Utilitarian Cannot be decided Legal- if the woman died because of [...]
by Jessica, on August 25th, 2012
How do we know right from wrong?
I think it is really difficult to decide between right and wrong because a lot of times it is dependent on morals and morals may not be universal. To different cultures and religions there are different morals to be expected. For instance, the ancient Chinese philosopher—Confucius believes [...]
by Jessica, on June 24th, 2012
One of the most valuable concepts I’ve learnt is that there is a difference between taste and quality in art. This links with the question what is good art and bad art? Everyone has can have different perceptions, so art can appeal to each of us differently. So it is difficult to judge good [...]
by Jessica, on June 14th, 2012
These two terms really confuses me, but I will try best at differentiating them. I think opinion is something emerged after weighing the pros and cons. Moreover, an opinion is backed up by credible evidences. Yet, bias is an opinion that is not backed up by credible evidences. However, I am aware that it [...]
by Jessica, on June 10th, 2012
Why does math work in real world?
(This has always been the question that intrigues me since we started learning about mathematics.) Human mind is part of the real/natural world; so mathematic is technically part of the “real world” as well. Since it is already part of the real world, it is not a [...]
by Jessica, on June 2nd, 2012
“Is math a language?”
The definition of language should be a medium for communication, whether verbal or non-verbal. I think math can be regarded as a language. It has its own set of rules to follow and a distinct symbol system. It is similar to languages such as Chinese and English; both of them [...]
by Jessica, on May 31st, 2012
Last TOK lesson we talk about the “prime mover” in the universe. The definition we have for “prime mover” is the one point that universe wants to move toward. So is this what has causes the ‘big bang’? (It is still quite magical to hear that the universe has a starting point.) Some people [...]
by Jessica, on May 23rd, 2012
I thought it was enjoyable to prepare the presentation because as I was gathering materials I learnt something new as well. I was surprise to find how easily people can be swayed by emotions without even realising that. I use to think that reason can prohibit emotion but now I am not that sure [...]
by Jessica, on May 5th, 2012
Is math discovered or invented? In the past, I take math for granted and never thought of its origin. One side of the arguments says that math comes from the nature. It is all around us. An example would be the Fibonacci sequence, as plants seem to grow in a pattern that resembles the [...]
by Jessica, on April 30th, 2012
There are many reasons for why we learn math. First reason is the most obvious one; we need learn math in order to pass our IB exams. For getting a good grade, we need to have a good level of math skills. This is definitely an important reason, however, it is not the only [...]
by Jessica, on April 15th, 2012
Q8. How important is the study of literature in individual/ethical development? In What Ways?
When I first came across this question, the word “fairytale” popped into my head. It is a usual thing to associate fairytales with individual/ethical development because we are often told how some fairytales demonstrate some of the morals of life. [...]
by Jessica, on April 11th, 2012
In my opinion, I think the concept of ”storytelling” described in the article overlaps with an area of knowing that we have learnt previously, which is Language. Storytelling comes from language (which is a collection of written, spoken, and body language). Can storytelling exist without language? So, it cannot be a new way of knowing. [...]
by Jessica, on March 28th, 2012
I think since it will be my city, I would name the roads after the writers that I like. There is a mixture of modern writers and contemporary writers as well as a mixture of nationality.
Roads related to author that writes in Chinese:
Wu Cheng’en Avenue
Wu Cheng’en is the author who wrote [...]
by Jessica, on March 21st, 2012
I think there are many possibilities for what had happened with the death of this youth on Friday June 6th. The document written by George Ryder had never mention the name of this youth. It is definitely possible that this man is Mark Pullen, because the content of the wallet belongs to a man named Mark [...]
by Jessica, on March 18th, 2012
I think the different type of history we address to have a different stand point between art and science. I think History as subject for study tend share similarities with science. The historical evidences in the forms of documents, films, tape, photographs and etc. are carefully evaluated for their reliability and credibility. Then, interpretations are drawn from those [...]
by Jessica, on March 15th, 2012
This week we’ve discussed about the differences between “History” and “history”. “history” can referred to past events that engage a global or of social importance. These events that happened in the the past cannot be changed, but “History” as a subject or human’s story can be changed. I like what George Orwell had written: “History is written by [...]
by Jessica, on March 11th, 2012
After reading the passage “Body ritual among the Nacirema” by Horace Miner, I had a brief discussion with Averil about the usage of words in the writing. The author uses vague words like “magical potions” and “charms” to describe the rituals of Nacirema. I thought there is a lack of appreciation towards the Nacirema culture because [...]
by Jessica, on March 8th, 2012
In my psychology class, we were discussing about “observer effect” as well. We were discussing about how obtain thoughts of human beings in real world conditions. For instance, psychologists may want to find out what a person’s thoughts and feelings when he/she’s beloved ones passed away. This kind of personal and in-depth research on [...]
by Jessica, on March 3rd, 2012
“If our brains were simple, would be too simple to understand them?”
I think we can interpret the quote in this way; if we ‘think’ too simply then we can not understand how our mind work. However, I think sometimes if we think too much, we cannot understand how our mind work. For instance, [...]
by Jessica, on February 28th, 2012
When I first saw the question, my initial response is: good weather. However, after some more thought to the question I added the following factors:
-Low pollution
-Not far from Taiwan (so my family can visit me easily)
-Politically stable
-Very convenient (perhaps in between rural and urban settings)
The country that I think fits [...]
by Jessica, on February 24th, 2012
I would like to respond to one of the questions provided by Mr Macknight. 1. Are the human sciences scientific? I think human sciences can be studied in a scientific manner. There are many different ways to research in Psychology, such as experiment methods, interview, case study and etc. The experiments in psychology can [...]
by Jessica, on February 14th, 2012
1. Can you please explain again the idea of “we are space time”? What is space time? What do you mean by space time bends over Earth? How can this space time covers a planet and form black hole?
2. What does it mean by time passes at different speed? So the time on [...]
by Jessica, on January 24th, 2012
I think there are few points in the passage that doesn’t convince me. Firstly, I wonder if this umbrellaology is reviewed or supported by other scientists. In class, Mr Connah had said that a proper publishing process of a book includes many checking by expert in whichever field the book discusses. In this case [...]
by Jessica, on January 15th, 2012
“The Placebo effect in medical research occurs when participants show some kind of change although they have not received an active treatment” It happens because participants expect effects after they received treatments. This can effect can suggest why alternative medicine works. An alternative medical treatment that I’ve found is “Auricular therapy”. It is similar [...]
by Jessica, on January 11th, 2012
Mr MacKnight had pointed out that, Science seems to become the new religion. If a person tells you that he or she does not believe in science, we might all be surprised. Moreover, as my English teacher Mr Fox said during class, the process seems to have taken over human. For instance, a bullet [...]
by Jessica, on January 8th, 2012
I would like to reflect on the card game that was played in class. Firstly, we had to observe the cards that were accepted by Mrs Connah. Secondly, from our knowledge based on our observations, we had to formulate a rule (or in other cases, hypothesis). Thirdly, we tested the rule. When the rule [...]
by Jessica, on December 4th, 2011
I wonder where emotions originate from. From psychological point of view, we may have developed emotions due to evolution. Perhaps for survival purposes the homo sapiens develop emotion, such as love, so that they can cooperate. However, negative emotions are brought along as well. On friday, we attempt to differentiate between emotion and feeling. Angel made a [...]
by Jessica, on November 27th, 2011
After reading the documents provided from TOK class on Friday, I came up with the definitions of inductive and deductive reasoning that make sense for me. Deductive reasoning seems to be reasoning in a logical way. Such as: A is part of B. C is part of A. So C is part of B. [...]
by Jessica, on November 15th, 2011
For Tok this week, we looked at true/false and valid/invalid. Learned that a conclusion can be valid when the premises are false and vice versa. To be me, reading the premises and working out the logic is like working out a math question; logic and math are equally confusing. I raised the question, that [...]
by Jessica, on November 10th, 2011
The video we watched of Dawkin’s “Queerer than we can suppose” explains the existing world in terms of sciences, such as physics and psychology. There are so many ways to explain our existence and so many ways to view the world. Since, school started I begin learning psychology and learnt that we are shaped [...]
by Jessica, on November 5th, 2011
“Although we think we see the world as it really is, we live in a world of own making.” – Hilary Lawson
This quote reminds of me a point raised by Mrs Connah. Which is: could all of us see different colours in our surrounding world but have the same names for them. There [...]
by Jessica, on November 3rd, 2011
If I were a brain in a vat, I would wonder the following two questions: When did I become a brain in a vat? Or have I always been one? The answers are cannot be answered because, apparently, our brains will be kept an alive in way that everything seems perfectly normal to us. [...]
by Jessica, on October 31st, 2011
From psychology class, I’ve learned the lateralization of brain. It means that there are two hemispheres in our brain; left brain and right brain. Left brain is in charge of language and the right is in charge of art. So, why is it so important for language to be specially conducted by a part [...]
by Jessica, on October 21st, 2011
“Very smart adults often seem unusually innocent, and I don’t think this is a coincidence. I think they’ve deliberately avoided learning about certain things.” (Paul Graham)
What Graham said aroused a question of mine; should we learn to be innocent? Sometimes knowing truths about the world can get us doomed and depressed. Now that [...]
by Jessica, on October 16th, 2011
Are we too dependent on authority?
The first article we read “You Love Your iPhone. Literally.” my first response was “Yeah right.” We were asked to give comments on the text. I said nothing. Simply because there were so many references used and big names used, so I didn’t wanted to question it. Now, [...]
by Jessica, on October 5th, 2011
The article “Thinking literally” is raising two points: Whether or not metaphors help us understand, and if physical manipulation affect our thought. Metaphor is surely used all the time in daily conversations to helps us get an idea of the abstract world. Once, a friend tried to describe how frog taste like. He said [...]
by Jessica, on September 22nd, 2011
The question we discussed in class was that “do we think differently in a different language?”. My answer to that is a yes and no. It depends on what are we are talking about. When I first heard the question, I interpreted it as do I have the same mind when I speak in [...]
by Jessica, on September 12th, 2011
People usually take things that are familiar with for granted. We take food, shelter, education, holidays, family…for granted. We take things for granted is usually because we don’t have comparison.
Taking things for granted blind us from appreciating things or forbid us from seeing truth. For instance, a child growing up in an environment where getting [...]
by Jessica, on September 6th, 2011
1. Truman’s life seeming fake for the audience because we know that Truman is trapped in a television show. We know that the island he lives on is just a big huge prop, his life has all been planned ahead of him, and his wife, his best friend, his mother are just actors that [...]
by Jessica, on September 4th, 2011
I really enjoyed the TOK conference this week. In the morning we turned our mind on by doing a activity, which was to decided whether or not the stories Mr Connah read was truth or false. Everyone used different methods to decide. Some people decided from the information they knew, some decide by how plausible [...]
by Jessica, on August 28th, 2011
To me, “to know” means to assume something is true. But that leads me to another question, are the “truth” that we believe always correct? Then another question, where do our our belief for the (truth) comes from?
For example, “to know” what others feels is to assume that I empathize with the person. [...]
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Important Dates Y12 Orals: May 22, May 31, June 5, June 7.
June 11: Y12 TOK Day
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"The arts, ideas, natural beauty, and good conversation provide lasting pleasure."
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"The less people know, the more stubbornly they know it."
—Werner Vogels
Your Daily Chinese Character
Comments . . . . . . are open only to students of the class, but if you are a non-student and would like to comment you can email Mr. MacKnight at ericmacknight AT mac DOT com.
Is TOK a Philosophy Course? YES, in the sense that the name of the course itself is in any dictionary effectively synonymous with "epistemology."
NO, in the sense that IB-specific ToK has many philosophical elements, but is not just philosophy. ToK is at root an interdiscipinary course that allows students to become aware of how the six subject-groups on the corners on the Diploma hexagon overlap and integrate. The interdisciplinary aspect is the crucial thing . . . .
—Bruce Bartlett
Le Collège français
Toronto, Canada
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"A conclusion is the place where you got tired of thinking."
—Steven Wright
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Webs & Chains Natura in reticulum sua genera connexit,
non in catenam: homines non possunt nisi
catenam sequi, cum non plura simul
possint sermone exponere.
Nature knits up her kinds in a network, not
in a chain; but men can follow only by
chains because their language can’t handle
several things at once.
—Albrecht von Haller (tr. Howard Nemerov)
[Epigraph to Nemerov's poem, "The Dependencies"]
About This Blog Until June 2011, this TOK blog was managed solely by Eric MacKnight. Beginning in the fall of 2011, its name changed to "DCSZ TOK Class Blog", and since then it has been used by all TOK students at Dulwich College Suzhou. The lead teacher is Julie Connah, assisted by Alan Connah and Eric MacKnight. Content posted before August 2011 was written by Eric MacKnight and his students at Suzhou Singapore International School. In August 2012 John Fitzgerald replaced Alan Connah in the DCSZ TOK team.
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